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Something Happening 9 CHAPTER 2 : Genetic Engineering, Moral Dilemmas in Human Evolution
Genetic engineering, the direct manipulation of an organism’s DNA using biotechnology, stands as one of the most groundbreaking achievements in modern science. Its applications range from curing hereditary diseases to enhancing agricultural yields. However, when it comes to human evolution, genetic engineering stirs a profound and complex moral debate. The potential to alter the human genome raises questions about the ethics of “playing God,” the boundaries of natural selection, and the consequences of engineering humanity’s future.
One of the most pressing moral dilemmas in human genetic engineering revolves around the concept of germline editing—modifications that are inheritable and passed down to future generations. Unlike somatic cell therapy, which targets non-reproductive cells and is limited to the individual being treated, germline editing has the potential to permanently alter the human gene pool. While this could be beneficial in eliminating devastating genetic diseases such as cystic fibrosis or Huntington's disease, it also opens the door to controversial enhancements like increased intelligence, physical strength, or appearance—sometimes referred to as the pursuit of the "designer baby."
