Worshiping the Watchful Gods of Rome

A Journey Through the Religious Beliefs and Practices of the Roman Empire

Imagine waking up in the ancient world. The absence of modern technologies is immediately apparent. Medicine is rudimentary, and the scenery is dominated by natural landscapes rather than urban sprawl. You lack the knowledge and belief systems of the modern era. In the city of Rome, you might find yourself pondering the smoke rising from the skies, curious about the origins of everything around you. You may walk into one of the many temples, marveling at their grandeur.

In ancient Roman society, it was common to believe that the gods created the universe and watched over humanity. Romans viewed their trials and triumphs as orchestrated by the gods, who designed the world in their image. Humans were seen as instruments of the gods’ will. Living in the city of Rome, you would feel especially favored by these divine beings. And, living in the city of Rome, you were their favorite.

The Roman religion was integral to their society, permeating almost every single aspect of life. This included the politics of the Roman Republic and eventual Empire, their military endeavors, and domestic and agricultural activities that built the economy of the Empire and Republic. The Romans believed that their success was tied to…